Simplified CPT Performance-Based Assessment of Liquefaction and Effects

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General Information
Study Number: TPF-5(338)
Former Study Number:
Lead Organization: Utah Department of Transportation
Contract Start Date: May 17, 2016
Solicitation Number: 1408
Partners: CT, OR, SC, UT
Contractor(s): Brigham Young University
Status: Closed
Est. Completion Date: Aug 31, 2021
Contract/Other Number: 16-9826
Last Updated: Feb 09, 2023
Contract End Date: Aug 31, 2021
Financial Summary
Contract Amount: $142,000.00
Suggested Contribution:
Total Commitments Received: $142,000.00
100% SP&R Approval: Approved
Contact Information
Lead Study Contact(s): David Stevens
davidstevens@utah.gov
Phone: 801-589-8340
FHWA Technical Liaison(s): Justice Maswoswe
Justice.Maswoswe@dot.gov
Phone: 410-962-2460
Organization Year Commitments Technical Contact Name Funding Contact Name
Connecticut Department of Transportation 2016 $5,000.00 Robert Pion Melanie Zimyeski
Connecticut Department of Transportation 2017 $5,000.00 Robert Pion Melanie Zimyeski
Oregon Department of Transportation 2016 $22,000.00 Susan Ortiz Michael Bufalino
Oregon Department of Transportation 2017 $22,000.00 Susan Ortiz Michael Bufalino
South Carolina Department of Transportation 2016 $22,000.00 Nicholas Harman Terry Swygert
South Carolina Department of Transportation 2017 $22,000.00 Nicholas Harman Terry Swygert
Utah Department of Transportation 2016 $44,000.00 Ari Menitove David Stevens
Utah Department of Transportation 2017 $0.00 Ari Menitove David Stevens

Study Description

Conventional “pseudo-probabilistic” procedures to evaluate liquefaction triggering and its effects have been shown through recent research to produce estimates of liquefaction factor of safety at inconsistent and often unacceptable levels of risk. These errors are introduced through the incorrect assumption that using probabilistic ground motions in a deterministic liquefaction analysis will yield a probabilistic estimate of liquefaction factor of safety. The inconsistent consideration of liquefaction risk could contribute to undesirable performance or even collapse of various important structures such as bridges or retaining walls in the event of an earthquake. Conversely, the inconsistent consideration of liquefaction risk could also potentially contribute to the unnecessary and expensive over-design of liquefaction mitigation alternatives. Utilization of a fully-probabilistic or performance-based liquefaction triggering procedure, which considers both uncertainty in the seismic loading and the liquefaction triggering relationship, could effectively solve these problems. Furthermore, probabilistic evaluation of liquefaction triggering could potentially be taken into account when considering liquefaction effects such as lateral spreading or free-field liquefaction settlements. However, current performance-based liquefaction procedures (e.g. Kramer & Mayfield 2007) are quite complex and beyond the level of practical application for most practicing engineers. Additionally, available performance-based methods generally focus on using the standard penetration test (SPT). Increasingly, the cone penetration test (CPT) is becoming a preferred instrument for performing in-situ assessment of liquefaction hazard. Development of code-compatible simplified approximations of performance-based analysis methods for the CPT to assess liquefaction triggering and its effects could be a viable solution to overcome these challenges.

Objectives

1. Develop performance-based procedures for the CPT modeled after recent performance-based procedures for the SPT to compute the hazard from liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction free-field settlement at select return periods (475, 1033, and 2475 years). 2. Develop simplified performance-based procedures for the CPT modeled after recent simplified performance-based procedures for the SPT [TPF-5(296)] to closely approximate the performance-based analysis results for liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction free-field settlement at select return periods (475, 1033, and 2475 years). 3. Develop liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction reference parameter maps in GIS format at return periods of 475 years, 1033 years, and 2475 years for each of the states participating in the study.

Scope of Work

Tasks for this study include, regarding the participating states: 1. Develop full performance-based liquefaction triggering procedure 2. Develop full performance-based lateral spread procedure 3. Develop full performance-based post-liquefaction, free-field settlement procedure 4. Develop a numerical tool that will allow the calculation of performance-based liquefaction triggering, post-liquefaction settlement, and lateral spread displacement 5. Derivation and validation of a new simplified liquefaction triggering procedure 6. Derivation and validation of a new simplified lateral spread displacement procedure 7. Derivation and validation of simplified post-liquefaction free-field settlement procedure 8. Development of liquefaction reference parameter maps 9. Comparison of simplified, conventional (AASHTO), and deterministic analysis methods 10. Development of a simplified design procedure that incorporates both performance-based and conventional methods 11. Preparation of the Annual and Final Reports 12. Dissemination of Results 13. Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Meetings

Comments

The Principal Investigator for this study will be Dr. Kevin Franke of Brigham Young University. Dr. Franke has extensive experience with developing performance-based models to evaluate liquefaction and its effects. He has been the Principal Investigator/Co-Principal Investigator on previous performance-based liquefaction studies for the US Geological Survey and the NSF. His qualifications for this study are based on nearly 11 years of experience with performance-based and probabilistic design methods. Work is planned to begin in early 2016 and will run through 2020. At least one face-to-face meeting in Utah is anticipated with the project partners during the study, with travel costs covered by the project funds. The minimum partner commitment expected is $44,000, consisting of $22,000 for FY 2016 and $22,000 for FY 2017.

Subjects: Bridges, Other Structures, and Hydraulics and Hydrology Soils, Geology, and Foundations

Documents Attached
Title File/Link Type Privacy Download
2022 1st Quarter 2022 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
Short Course Videos on Simplified Analysis (Aug2021) https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzBZ3hmMnx1K_vjrMB0uZEkCQd2YpKuBa Final Report Public
CPTLIQ Analysis Tool v1.42 Jan2022 (download as Excel file with extension *.xlsm) https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1HlNMgFnCzwr2uU3HTQkF0j9LqI73eNu-/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=106820383161326263268&rtpof=true&sd=true Final Report Public
CPTLIQ Manual v1.42 Jan2022 (Report UT-22.02) UT-22.02 CPTLIQ v1.42 Users Manual.pdf Final Report Public
Final Report Phase 2 August 2021 (Report UT-21.21) https://drive.google.com/file/d/1H1Y4GKUDYWgt_lBpL2opCFpBKkkTOOhm/view?usp=sharing Final Report Public
Final Report Phase 1 August 2021 (Report UT-21.20) UT-21.20 Simplified CPT PB Liquefaction Phase 1.pdf Final Report Public
2021 4th Quarter 2021 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 3rd Quarter 2021 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 2nd Quarter 2021 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 1st Quarter 2021 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 4th Quarter 2020 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 3rd Quarter 2020 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 2nd Quarter 2020 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
September 2019 TAC Update Report - Tasks 8-10 UDOTReport_Tasks8-10+maps_updated01Feb2020.pdf Report Public
2020 1st Quarter 2020 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 4th Quarter 2019 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 3rd Quarter 2019 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 2nd Quarter 2019 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 1st Quarter 2019 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
November 2018 TAC Update Report - Tasks 5-7 Y2Q1_Final_updated 28Jan2019.pdf Report Public
2018 4th Quarter 2018 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 3rd Quarter 2018 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 2nd Quarter 2018 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 1st Quarter 2018 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
June 2017 TAC Update Report - Tasks 1-4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 4 Update (3-14-18)_FINAL.docx Report Public
2017 4th Quarter 2017 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2017 3rd Quarter 2017 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
April 2017 TAC Update Report - Task 4 (revised) TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 3 Update_(3-14-18)_FINAL.docx Report Public
2017 2nd Quarter 2017_2nd_quarter_FHWA_rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
December 2016 TAC Update Report - Task 4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 2 Update (rev01May2016).docx Report Public
September 2016 TAC Update Report - Tasks 1-4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 1 Update (rev02May2016).docx Report Public
2017 1st Quarter 2017 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 4th Quarter 2016 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 3rd Quarter 2016 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 2nd Quarter 2016 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 1st Quarter 2016 1st quarterly progress rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2015 4th Quarter 2015 4th quarterly progress rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
Acceptance Memo Acceptance memo TPF5338.PDF Memorandum Public
SP&R Waiver Request Match Waiver Request #1408.pdf Other Public
Aprroved SP&R Waiver Approval of SP&R Waiver Pooled Fund Solicitation #1408.pdf Memorandum Public

No document attached.

Simplified CPT Performance-Based Assessment of Liquefaction and Effects

General Information
Study Number: TPF-5(338)
Lead Organization: Utah Department of Transportation
Contract Start Date: May 17, 2016
Solicitation Number: 1408
Partners: CT, OR, SC, UT
Contractor(s): Brigham Young University
Status: Closed
Est. Completion Date: Aug 31, 2021
Contract/Other Number: 16-9826
Last Updated: Feb 09, 2023
Contract End Date: Aug 31, 2021
Financial Summary
Contract Amount: $142,000.00
Total Commitments Received: $142,000.00
100% SP&R Approval:
Contact Information
Lead Study Contact(s): David Stevens
davidstevens@utah.gov
Phone: 801-589-8340
FHWA Technical Liaison(s): Justice Maswoswe
Justice.Maswoswe@dot.gov
Phone: 410-962-2460
Commitments by Organizations
Organization Year Commitments Technical Contact Name Funding Contact Name Contact Number Email Address
Connecticut Department of Transportation 2016 $5,000.00 Robert Pion Melanie Zimyeski (860)594-2144 Melanie.Zimyeski@ct.gov
Connecticut Department of Transportation 2017 $5,000.00 Robert Pion Melanie Zimyeski (860)594-2144 Melanie.Zimyeski@ct.gov
Oregon Department of Transportation 2016 $22,000.00 Susan Ortiz Michael Bufalino 503-986-2845 Michael.Bufalino@odot.oregon.gov
Oregon Department of Transportation 2017 $22,000.00 Susan Ortiz Michael Bufalino 503-986-2845 Michael.Bufalino@odot.oregon.gov
South Carolina Department of Transportation 2016 $22,000.00 Nicholas Harman Terry Swygert 803-737-6691 SwygertTL@scdot.org
South Carolina Department of Transportation 2017 $22,000.00 Nicholas Harman Terry Swygert 803-737-6691 SwygertTL@scdot.org
Utah Department of Transportation 2016 $44,000.00 Ari Menitove David Stevens 801-589-8340 davidstevens@utah.gov
Utah Department of Transportation 2017 $0.00 Ari Menitove David Stevens 801-589-8340 davidstevens@utah.gov

Study Description

Study Description

Conventional “pseudo-probabilistic” procedures to evaluate liquefaction triggering and its effects have been shown through recent research to produce estimates of liquefaction factor of safety at inconsistent and often unacceptable levels of risk. These errors are introduced through the incorrect assumption that using probabilistic ground motions in a deterministic liquefaction analysis will yield a probabilistic estimate of liquefaction factor of safety. The inconsistent consideration of liquefaction risk could contribute to undesirable performance or even collapse of various important structures such as bridges or retaining walls in the event of an earthquake. Conversely, the inconsistent consideration of liquefaction risk could also potentially contribute to the unnecessary and expensive over-design of liquefaction mitigation alternatives. Utilization of a fully-probabilistic or performance-based liquefaction triggering procedure, which considers both uncertainty in the seismic loading and the liquefaction triggering relationship, could effectively solve these problems. Furthermore, probabilistic evaluation of liquefaction triggering could potentially be taken into account when considering liquefaction effects such as lateral spreading or free-field liquefaction settlements. However, current performance-based liquefaction procedures (e.g. Kramer & Mayfield 2007) are quite complex and beyond the level of practical application for most practicing engineers. Additionally, available performance-based methods generally focus on using the standard penetration test (SPT). Increasingly, the cone penetration test (CPT) is becoming a preferred instrument for performing in-situ assessment of liquefaction hazard. Development of code-compatible simplified approximations of performance-based analysis methods for the CPT to assess liquefaction triggering and its effects could be a viable solution to overcome these challenges.

Objectives

1. Develop performance-based procedures for the CPT modeled after recent performance-based procedures for the SPT to compute the hazard from liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction free-field settlement at select return periods (475, 1033, and 2475 years). 2. Develop simplified performance-based procedures for the CPT modeled after recent simplified performance-based procedures for the SPT [TPF-5(296)] to closely approximate the performance-based analysis results for liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction free-field settlement at select return periods (475, 1033, and 2475 years). 3. Develop liquefaction triggering, lateral spread displacement, and post-liquefaction reference parameter maps in GIS format at return periods of 475 years, 1033 years, and 2475 years for each of the states participating in the study.

Scope of Work

Tasks for this study include, regarding the participating states: 1. Develop full performance-based liquefaction triggering procedure 2. Develop full performance-based lateral spread procedure 3. Develop full performance-based post-liquefaction, free-field settlement procedure 4. Develop a numerical tool that will allow the calculation of performance-based liquefaction triggering, post-liquefaction settlement, and lateral spread displacement 5. Derivation and validation of a new simplified liquefaction triggering procedure 6. Derivation and validation of a new simplified lateral spread displacement procedure 7. Derivation and validation of simplified post-liquefaction free-field settlement procedure 8. Development of liquefaction reference parameter maps 9. Comparison of simplified, conventional (AASHTO), and deterministic analysis methods 10. Development of a simplified design procedure that incorporates both performance-based and conventional methods 11. Preparation of the Annual and Final Reports 12. Dissemination of Results 13. Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Meetings

Comments

The Principal Investigator for this study will be Dr. Kevin Franke of Brigham Young University. Dr. Franke has extensive experience with developing performance-based models to evaluate liquefaction and its effects. He has been the Principal Investigator/Co-Principal Investigator on previous performance-based liquefaction studies for the US Geological Survey and the NSF. His qualifications for this study are based on nearly 11 years of experience with performance-based and probabilistic design methods. Work is planned to begin in early 2016 and will run through 2020. At least one face-to-face meeting in Utah is anticipated with the project partners during the study, with travel costs covered by the project funds. The minimum partner commitment expected is $44,000, consisting of $22,000 for FY 2016 and $22,000 for FY 2017.

Subjects: Bridges, Other Structures, and Hydraulics and Hydrology Soils, Geology, and Foundations

Title File/Link Type Private
Final Report Phase 1 August 2021 (Report UT-21.20) UT-21.20 Simplified CPT PB Liquefaction Phase 1.pdf Final Report Public
Final Report Phase 2 August 2021 (Report UT-21.21) Final Report Public
CPTLIQ Manual v1.42 Jan2022 (Report UT-22.02) UT-22.02 CPTLIQ v1.42 Users Manual.pdf Final Report Public
CPTLIQ Analysis Tool v1.42 Jan2022 (download as Excel file with extension *.xlsm) Final Report Public
Short Course Videos on Simplified Analysis (Aug2021) Final Report Public
Aprroved SP&R Waiver Approval of SP&R Waiver Pooled Fund Solicitation #1408.pdf Memorandum Public
Acceptance Memo Acceptance memo TPF5338.PDF Memorandum Public
SP&R Waiver Request Match Waiver Request #1408.pdf Other Public
2015 4th Quarter 2015 4th quarterly progress rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 1st Quarter 2016 1st quarterly progress rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 2nd Quarter 2016 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 3rd Quarter 2016 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2016 4th Quarter 2016 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2017 1st Quarter 2017 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2017 2nd Quarter 2017_2nd_quarter_FHWA_rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2017 3rd Quarter 2017 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2017 4th Quarter 2017 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 1st Quarter 2018 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 2nd Quarter 2018 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 3rd Quarter 2018 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2018 4th Quarter 2018 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 1st Quarter 2019 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 2nd Quarter 2019 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 3rd Quarter 2019 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2019 4th Quarter 2019 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 1st Quarter 2020 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 2nd Quarter 2020 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 3rd Quarter 2020 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2020 4th Quarter 2020 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 1st Quarter 2021 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 2nd Quarter 2021 2nd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 3rd Quarter 2021 3rd quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2021 4th Quarter 2021 4th quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
2022 1st Quarter 2022 1st quarter FHWA rpt_TPF-5(338).docx Quarterly Progress Report Public
September 2016 TAC Update Report - Tasks 1-4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 1 Update (rev02May2016).docx Report Public
December 2016 TAC Update Report - Task 4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 2 Update (rev01May2016).docx Report Public
April 2017 TAC Update Report - Task 4 (revised) TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 3 Update_(3-14-18)_FINAL.docx Report Public
June 2017 TAC Update Report - Tasks 1-4 TPF-5(338) DOT Year 1 Quarter 4 Update (3-14-18)_FINAL.docx Report Public
November 2018 TAC Update Report - Tasks 5-7 Y2Q1_Final_updated 28Jan2019.pdf Report Public
September 2019 TAC Update Report - Tasks 8-10 UDOTReport_Tasks8-10+maps_updated01Feb2020.pdf Report Public
No document attached.

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