Recycled Unbound Pavement Materials (MnROAD Study)

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General Information
Study Number: TPF-5(129)
Former Study Number:
Lead Organization: Minnesota Department of Transportation
Solicitation Number: 1012
Partners: CA, MI, MN, OH, TX, WI
Status: Closed
Est. Completion Date: Nov 30, 2012
Contract/Other Number:
Last Updated: Sep 24, 2013
Contract End Date:
Financial Summary
Contract Amount: $375,000.00
Suggested Contribution:
Total Commitments Received: $465,000.00
100% SP&R Approval: Approved
Contact Information
Lead Study Contact(s): John Siekmeier
john.siekmeier@state.mn.us
Phone: 651.366.5417
Organization Year Commitments Technical Contact Name Funding Contact Name
California Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Sang Le
California Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Sang Le
California Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Sang Le
California Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Sang Le
California Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Sang Le
Michigan Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover
Michigan Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover
Michigan Department of Transportation 2009 $20,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover
Michigan Department of Transportation 2010 $25,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen
Ohio Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale
Ohio Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale
Ohio Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale
Ohio Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale
Ohio Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale
Texas Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey
Texas Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey
Texas Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey
Texas Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey
Texas Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2009 $30,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2012 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter

Study Description

In the current global economy, the United States is in competition for non-renewable resources. In this country and Minnesota in particular, aggregate materials are being depleted at a rapid pace. Environmental stewardship will continue to be more restrictive along with permitting criteria. It is becoming increasingly important to investigate the use of recycled materials in pavement construction. Minnesota has had a long history of using recycled materials in pavement construction. Recycled materials have been used in all layers of the pavement, from the surface down to the unbound supporting layers. Mn/DOT¿s current Class 7 specification (Spec 3138) allows salvaged or recycled HMA, PCC, and glass to be used as part of the granular base materials. However, their material properties (strength, stiffness, unsaturated properties, etc.) are not well understood. Under the current design procedures, Class 7 materials are assigned the same empirical properties as a typical Class 5 (gravel) material. New mechanistic-empirical design procedures require more detailed material properties in order to accurately predict pavement performance. In addition, the use of crushed concrete in particular has raised some environmental concerns. These concerns have focused on the relatively high pH of the effluent produced by drainage systems that remove water from untreated recycled concrete aggregate foundation layers. Also of concern is the identification of some constituents (arsenic, chromium, aluminum, and vanadium) that are considered hazardous in drinking water. Related studies include: - NCHRP 4-31: Tests of Recycled Aggregates for Use in Unbound Pavement Layers - recommend procedures for performance-related testing and selection of recycled HMA and PCC materials for use as aggregates in unbound pavement layers, singularly or in combination with other materials (currently underway - ERES) - RMRC Project 6 - Evaluation of Tests for Recycled Material Aggregates for Use in Unbound Applications - evaluating potential aggregate materials other than reclaimed HMA and PCC (currently underway - New Hampshire) - Sensitivity Analysis of Flexible Pavement Response and AASHTO 2002 Design Guide to Properties of Unbound Layers - compared predictions and field response calculated from isotropic and anisotropic models; results from the 2002 DG model surprisingly showed that base properties did not influence deformation (ICAR Report 504-1, 2004 - Texas A&M). - Use of Crushed Concrete Products in Minnesota Pavement Foundations - studied environmental and performance concerns and provided recommendations for revisions to current specifications (Mn/DOT Report 96-12, 1996 - Mark Snyder) - LRRB 812: Resilient Modulus & Strength of Base Course with Recycled Asphalt - investigate the criteria for using recycled materials with respect to resilient modulus and strength of laboratory specimens (currently underway - University of Minnesota) Most of the current and former research projects using recycled materials are based on laboratory material characterization and mix design. The research proposed in this pooled fund study seeks to validate many of the previous findings with field performance data. The design guide modeling performed at Texas A&M is also in need of field validation. There is some anecdotal evidence of existing recycled base materials, but this research would provide a controlled field experiment in which quantifiable results could be obtained. This research would also provide a good opportunity to revisit some of the environmental concerns and address ways to mitigate the ill effects of effluent from the recycled concrete base layer. This research will help broaden the application of mechanistic-empirical pavement design methods to the use of recycled materials.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to monitor the performance of several test cells at the Minnesota Road Research Facility (MnROAD) constructed using recycled materials in the granular base layers, including blended with virgin materials and 100% recycled asphalt and concrete pavement materials. The material properties will be monitored during construction and throughout the pavement life in order to determine their effects on pavement performance. The properties will be used to verify mechanistic-empirical design inputs, especially their variation with changing seasons and moisture regimes. This pooled fund study is strictly to perform the recycled materials research on newly built test sections at MnROAD, and its funding will come from Mn/DOT and other participating states. The funding for initial construction of the test sections will be obtained separately from Mn/DOT and other partners.

Scope of Work

This project is expected to consist of the following activities: - Work Plan: The work plan for this pooled fund study will be developed by the participating organizations. This will include selecting recycled materials to construct the base layer for 3 cells at MnROAD. Possibilities include: o 100% crushed concrete o crushed concrete blended with virgin aggregate o RAP blended with virgin aggregate The pavement surface must also be carefully selected for these sections. Ideally, the same pavement will cover all three cells so as to minimize variables in the experiment. - Instrumentation Design: Thermocouples, TDRs (moisture), strain gages, etc. - General Testing & Monitoring: Monitor the pavement performance over time on each test section. Monitoring activities will include FWD tests, rutting measurements, distress surveys, ride measurements, and analysis of pavement sensor data. - Special Testing & Monitoring: Unsaturated soil properties, resilient modulus, seasonal variation of material properties, etc. - Design Guide Modeling & Validation: The material properties for recycled unbound layers will be modeled in the new mechanistic-empirical design procedure. - Pooled Fund Travel: Money for each state to travel to discuss the progress of the study. - Data Analysis & Reports: Work done under a research contract will develop interim and final reports that document the findings of this study.

Comments

Mn/DOT along with other participating states are asked to contribute $15,000 per year for 5 years to fund the research proposed in this pooled fund study. The Minnesota Department of Transportation (as the lead agency) along with other partners will provide approximately $200,000 in construction funding outside of this pooled fund study to construct the pavement test sections using recycled materials.

Documents Attached
Title File/Link Document Category Document Type Privacy Document Date Download
Official Closeout Memo TPF-5(129) -- Close out Memo - Electronic Signature (3).pdf Memorandum Other Public 2013-09-24
Recycled Unbound Materials Technical Summary http://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/TS/2012/201235TS.pdf TPF Study Documentation Study Summary Public 2013-04-15
Recycled Unbound Materials http://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/TS/2012/201235.pdf Deliverable Final Report Public 2012-11-30
Quarterly Report: April - June 2012 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 063012rev.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2012-07-06
Quarterly Report: January - March 2012 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 033112.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2012-04-02
Quarterly Report: October - December 2011 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 123111.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2012-03-02
Quarterly Report: July - September 2011 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 093011.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2011-12-20
Quarterly Report: April - June 2011 TPF5-qreport 6-30-11.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2011-08-16
Quarterly Report: July - September 2010 TPF5-129QuarterlyReport093010.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2011-01-06
Quarterly Report: January - March 2011 http:\\www.pooledfund.org\documents\TPF-5_129\TPF5-qreport03-31-11.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2011-04-25
Quarterly Report: April - June 2010 TPF-5(129)2ndqtr.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-07-28
Quarterly Report:January - March 2010 TPF-5_qtr_one.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-05-12
Quarterly Report: July - September 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-09-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2009-10-27
Quarterly Report: April - June 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-06-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2009-07-24
Quarterly Report: October - December 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-12-31.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-02-12
Quarterly Report: July - September 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-09-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Quarterly Report: January - March 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-03-31.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Lead Agency Acceptance Memo Acceptance_Letter-TPF-5_129.pdf Memorandum Other Public 2009-04-07
Quarterly Report: October - December 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-12-31.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Conference Call Meeting, Oct 11, 2008 Conference_Call_Meeting_Oct_11_2008.pdf Other Other Public 2008-10-31
Quarterly Report: January - March 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-03-31.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Quarterly Report: October - December 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-12-31.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Quarterly Report: April-June 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-06-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Quarterly Report: July - September 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-09-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2010-01-01
Quarterly Report: April - June 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-06-30.pdf Progress Report Quarterly Progress Report Public 2007-07-26
Documents Attached
Title File/Link Document Category Document Type Privacy Document Date Download
Recycled Unbound Pavement Materials (MnROAD Study) http://www.mnroad.dot.state.mn.us/research/Construction/2007mnroad/Mnroad2005.pdf TPF Study Documentation Solicitation Public 2011-09-25

Recycled Unbound Pavement Materials (MnROAD Study)

General Information
Study Number: TPF-5(129)
Lead Organization: Minnesota Department of Transportation
Solicitation Number: 1012
Partners: CA, MI, MN, OH, TX, WI
Status: Closed
Est. Completion Date: Nov 30, 2012
Contract/Other Number:
Last Updated: Sep 24, 2013
Contract End Date:
Financial Summary
Contract Amount: $375,000.00
Total Commitments Received: $465,000.00
100% SP&R Approval:
Contact Information
Lead Study Contact(s): John Siekmeier
john.siekmeier@state.mn.us
Phone: 651.366.5417
Commitments by Organizations
Organization Year Commitments Technical Contact Name Funding Contact Name Contact Number Email Address
California Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Sang Le (916)701-3998 sang.le@dot.ca.gov
California Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Sang Le (916)701-3998 sang.le@dot.ca.gov
California Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Sang Le (916)701-3998 sang.le@dot.ca.gov
California Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Sang Le (916)701-3998 sang.le@dot.ca.gov
California Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Sang Le (916)701-3998 sang.le@dot.ca.gov
Michigan Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover 517-749-9001 clovera@michigan.gov
Michigan Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover 517-749-9001 clovera@michigan.gov
Michigan Department of Transportation 2009 $20,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover 517-749-9001 clovera@michigan.gov
Michigan Department of Transportation 2010 $25,000.00 Michael Eacker Andre' Clover 517-749-9001 clovera@michigan.gov
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen 651-366-3779 lisa.jansen@state.mn.us
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen 651-366-3779 lisa.jansen@state.mn.us
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen 651-366-3779 lisa.jansen@state.mn.us
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen 651-366-3779 lisa.jansen@state.mn.us
Minnesota Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Andrew Eller Lisa Jansen 651-366-3779 lisa.jansen@state.mn.us
Ohio Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale 6146448173 jacquelin.martindale@dot.ohio.gov
Ohio Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale 6146448173 jacquelin.martindale@dot.ohio.gov
Ohio Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale 6146448173 jacquelin.martindale@dot.ohio.gov
Ohio Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale 6146448173 jacquelin.martindale@dot.ohio.gov
Ohio Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Sean Mulligan Jill Martindale 6146448173 jacquelin.martindale@dot.ohio.gov
Texas Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey 512- 416-4730 rtimain@txdot.gov
Texas Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey 512- 416-4730 rtimain@txdot.gov
Texas Department of Transportation 2009 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey 512- 416-4730 rtimain@txdot.gov
Texas Department of Transportation 2010 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey 512- 416-4730 rtimain@txdot.gov
Texas Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Mark McDaniel Frank Bailey 512- 416-4730 rtimain@txdot.gov
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2007 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter 608-264-8435 lori.richter@dot.wi.gov
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2008 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter 608-264-8435 lori.richter@dot.wi.gov
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2009 $30,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter 608-264-8435 lori.richter@dot.wi.gov
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2011 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter 608-264-8435 lori.richter@dot.wi.gov
Wisconsin Department of Transportation 2012 $15,000.00 Tom Brokaw Lori Richter 608-264-8435 lori.richter@dot.wi.gov

Study Description

Study Description

In the current global economy, the United States is in competition for non-renewable resources. In this country and Minnesota in particular, aggregate materials are being depleted at a rapid pace. Environmental stewardship will continue to be more restrictive along with permitting criteria. It is becoming increasingly important to investigate the use of recycled materials in pavement construction. Minnesota has had a long history of using recycled materials in pavement construction. Recycled materials have been used in all layers of the pavement, from the surface down to the unbound supporting layers. Mn/DOT¿s current Class 7 specification (Spec 3138) allows salvaged or recycled HMA, PCC, and glass to be used as part of the granular base materials. However, their material properties (strength, stiffness, unsaturated properties, etc.) are not well understood. Under the current design procedures, Class 7 materials are assigned the same empirical properties as a typical Class 5 (gravel) material. New mechanistic-empirical design procedures require more detailed material properties in order to accurately predict pavement performance. In addition, the use of crushed concrete in particular has raised some environmental concerns. These concerns have focused on the relatively high pH of the effluent produced by drainage systems that remove water from untreated recycled concrete aggregate foundation layers. Also of concern is the identification of some constituents (arsenic, chromium, aluminum, and vanadium) that are considered hazardous in drinking water. Related studies include: - NCHRP 4-31: Tests of Recycled Aggregates for Use in Unbound Pavement Layers - recommend procedures for performance-related testing and selection of recycled HMA and PCC materials for use as aggregates in unbound pavement layers, singularly or in combination with other materials (currently underway - ERES) - RMRC Project 6 - Evaluation of Tests for Recycled Material Aggregates for Use in Unbound Applications - evaluating potential aggregate materials other than reclaimed HMA and PCC (currently underway - New Hampshire) - Sensitivity Analysis of Flexible Pavement Response and AASHTO 2002 Design Guide to Properties of Unbound Layers - compared predictions and field response calculated from isotropic and anisotropic models; results from the 2002 DG model surprisingly showed that base properties did not influence deformation (ICAR Report 504-1, 2004 - Texas A&M). - Use of Crushed Concrete Products in Minnesota Pavement Foundations - studied environmental and performance concerns and provided recommendations for revisions to current specifications (Mn/DOT Report 96-12, 1996 - Mark Snyder) - LRRB 812: Resilient Modulus & Strength of Base Course with Recycled Asphalt - investigate the criteria for using recycled materials with respect to resilient modulus and strength of laboratory specimens (currently underway - University of Minnesota) Most of the current and former research projects using recycled materials are based on laboratory material characterization and mix design. The research proposed in this pooled fund study seeks to validate many of the previous findings with field performance data. The design guide modeling performed at Texas A&M is also in need of field validation. There is some anecdotal evidence of existing recycled base materials, but this research would provide a controlled field experiment in which quantifiable results could be obtained. This research would also provide a good opportunity to revisit some of the environmental concerns and address ways to mitigate the ill effects of effluent from the recycled concrete base layer. This research will help broaden the application of mechanistic-empirical pavement design methods to the use of recycled materials.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to monitor the performance of several test cells at the Minnesota Road Research Facility (MnROAD) constructed using recycled materials in the granular base layers, including blended with virgin materials and 100% recycled asphalt and concrete pavement materials. The material properties will be monitored during construction and throughout the pavement life in order to determine their effects on pavement performance. The properties will be used to verify mechanistic-empirical design inputs, especially their variation with changing seasons and moisture regimes. This pooled fund study is strictly to perform the recycled materials research on newly built test sections at MnROAD, and its funding will come from Mn/DOT and other participating states. The funding for initial construction of the test sections will be obtained separately from Mn/DOT and other partners.

Scope of Work

This project is expected to consist of the following activities: - Work Plan: The work plan for this pooled fund study will be developed by the participating organizations. This will include selecting recycled materials to construct the base layer for 3 cells at MnROAD. Possibilities include: o 100% crushed concrete o crushed concrete blended with virgin aggregate o RAP blended with virgin aggregate The pavement surface must also be carefully selected for these sections. Ideally, the same pavement will cover all three cells so as to minimize variables in the experiment. - Instrumentation Design: Thermocouples, TDRs (moisture), strain gages, etc. - General Testing & Monitoring: Monitor the pavement performance over time on each test section. Monitoring activities will include FWD tests, rutting measurements, distress surveys, ride measurements, and analysis of pavement sensor data. - Special Testing & Monitoring: Unsaturated soil properties, resilient modulus, seasonal variation of material properties, etc. - Design Guide Modeling & Validation: The material properties for recycled unbound layers will be modeled in the new mechanistic-empirical design procedure. - Pooled Fund Travel: Money for each state to travel to discuss the progress of the study. - Data Analysis & Reports: Work done under a research contract will develop interim and final reports that document the findings of this study.

Comments

Mn/DOT along with other participating states are asked to contribute $15,000 per year for 5 years to fund the research proposed in this pooled fund study. The Minnesota Department of Transportation (as the lead agency) along with other partners will provide approximately $200,000 in construction funding outside of this pooled fund study to construct the pavement test sections using recycled materials.

Title File/Link Type Private
Official Closeout Memo TPF-5(129) -- Close out Memo - Electronic Signature (3).pdf Memorandum Public
Recycled Unbound Materials Technical Summary TPF Study Documentation Public
Recycled Unbound Materials Deliverable Public
Quarterly Report: April - June 2012 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 063012rev.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: January - March 2012 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 033112.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: October - December 2011 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 123111.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: July - September 2011 TPF-5(129) QuarterlyReport 093011.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: April - June 2011 TPF5-qreport 6-30-11.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: January - March 2011 http:\\www.pooledfund.org\documents\TPF-5_129\TPF5-qreport03-31-11.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: July - September 2010 TPF5-129QuarterlyReport093010.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: April - June 2010 TPF-5(129)2ndqtr.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report:January - March 2010 TPF-5_qtr_one.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: October - December 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-12-31.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: July - September 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-09-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: April-June 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-06-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: October - December 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-12-31.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: January - March 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-03-31.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: October - December 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-12-31.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: January - March 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-03-31.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: July - September 2008 Quarterly_Report_2008-09-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: July - September 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-09-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Quarterly Report: April - June 2009 Quarterly_Report_2009-06-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Lead Agency Acceptance Memo Acceptance_Letter-TPF-5_129.pdf Memorandum Public
Conference Call Meeting, Oct 11, 2008 Conference_Call_Meeting_Oct_11_2008.pdf Other Public
Quarterly Report: April - June 2007 Quarterly_Report_2007-06-30.pdf Progress Report Public
Title File/Link Type Private
Recycled Unbound Pavement Materials (MnROAD Study) TPF Study Documentation Public

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